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Rural houses with appropriate strategies in northwest China: a practice of ecological houses in Ningxia

Qun ZHANG, Rui LIANG, Jiaping LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 483-489 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0092-4

摘要： The severe problem of rural vernacular houses in northwest china is low thermal comfortableness with high consumption of energy in winter. Under such circumstance, the appropriate technologies that create comfortable living environment under the inclement local weather by low cost should be encouraged. In Ningxia Province, Jianfuqiao village, the ecological technologies are presented. By comparing with traditional buildings, the testing and thermal environment analysis verified the effectiveness of the passive used solar technologies.

关键词： rural houses ecological technology thermal environment northwest China

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The ecological system and the regionalization of landscape reconstruction in northwest of China

Peicheng LI,Guoyuan DU,Qilei LI,Jinfeng WANG,Feimin ZHENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 291-298 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014033

摘要： The northwest of China is a vast area with abundant resources and significant potential for development. However, the ecological system is extremely vulnerable to damage and must be managed carefully. Thus, the Chinese government is strengthening research on improvement and reconstruction of the ecological system and landscape in northwest of China while moving forward with large-scale development in west China. The disadvantages and vulnerabilities in the northwest area in China are presented. It is suggested that the reconstruction of landscape should be conducted by step by step regionalization across the various ecological systems in the 3.04 million km northwest area of China. The first level regionalization results of reconstruction of landscape are discussed.

关键词： reconstruction of landscape ecological system the northwest area of China science and technology action

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海洋环境与生态工程发展战略研究

“中国海洋工程与科技发展战略研究”海洋环境与生态课题组

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第2期页码 41-48 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.02.004

摘要：

本文系统阐述了海洋环境与生态工程发展战略研究的意义，分析了我国海洋环境与生态发展的现状，结合世界海洋环境与生态工程发展的经验以及我国面临的主要问题，提出了我国海洋环境与生态发展的战略目标、主要任务和政策建议。

关键词：海洋环境生态工程战略研究

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国外生态文明建设的科技发展战略分析与启示

蔡木林,王海燕,李琴,武雪芳

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第8期页码 144-150

摘要：

本文对比分析了国外生态文明建设的科技发展战略制定与发展变化情况，总结经验与教训，为我国生态文明建设提供参考。分析结果表明，各国将科技创新作为生态文明建设的核心驱动力，建立和完善科技创新机制和体系是生态文明建设科技支撑的重要内容和保障。我国生态文明建设应更加重视科技发展战略工作，围绕国土空间开发与资源配置、生产生活消费、生态保护与建设以及环境保护等领域，在低碳技术、绿色经济、生态恢复和环境治理技术等重要领域瞄准核心问题，加强科技战略布局。

关键词：生态文明；科技创新；发展战略

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生态文明背景下我国能源发展与变革分析

杜祥琬,呼和涛力,田智宇,袁浩然,赵丹丹,陈勇

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第8期页码 46-53

摘要：

能源是人类社会文明演进的前提和基础，能源发展是生态文明建设的重要组成部分，能源生产利用方式的变革创新是经济社会转型升级的关键。本文阐述了生态文明与能源变革的社会作用，分析了我国能源发展与发达国家之间的差距及存在问题，并根据未来国际能源发展总体趋势，阐述了我国能源发展面临的挑战和机遇。结合能源需求预测分析，指出我国能源变革的必要性，为我国生态文明建设与能源发展和变革提供战略决策及参考依据。

关键词：生态文明；能源变革；发展模式；能源技术；能源战略

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推进绿色制造建设生态文明——中国绿色制造战略研究

“中国工程院绿色制造发展战略研究”课题组

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第3期页码 53-60 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.03.008

摘要：

我国正处于制造大国迈向制造强国的重要历史阶段，在绿色发展理念的指导下，如何推进制造业与生态环境的协调发展，促进工业文明与生态文明和谐共生，是当前亟待解决的现实问题。绿色制造是制造强国建设的必有之意，是生产方式转变的重要着力点，更是绿色发展的重要组成部分，涵盖了低碳发展和循环发展的全部内容。本文在明晰绿色制造与生态文明建设关系的基础上，深入阐述了绿色制造的科学内涵、目标和评价体系，基于我国绿色制造已取得的成绩和现实发展困境，提出了推进我国绿色制造的战略方向，最后从顶层设计、队伍建设、创新体系、服务平台、体制机制及国际合作等方面给出了政策建议。

关键词：生态文明绿色制造工程科技战略对策

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CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER: LONG-TERM TRENDS AND ECOLOGICAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 559-567 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020344

摘要：

Intensifying human activity in the Yangtze River basin has substantially increased nutrient concentrations in the Yangtze River Estuary, leading to degradation of the coastal environment. Analysis of nutrient determinations published over the past 50 years reveals a gradual decreasing trend in the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved silicate (DSi). However, both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) concentrations have increased significantly since the 1970s. The frequency of and area covered by red tide outbreaks have increased greatly during this period, mainly due to changes in nutrient supply ratios [i.e., N/P (DIN/DIP), N/Si (DIN/DSi), P/Si (DIP/DSi)]. A strong correlation was found between the riverine DIN fluxes and the estimated DIN inputs from the major N sources, particularly fertilizers and atmospheric deposition. The data provide a comprehensive assessment of nutrients in the Yangtze River basin and their ecological impacts and indicate a potentially significant influence of atmospheric deposition on DIN loadings and fluxes.

关键词： atmospheric deposition / ecological impacts / nitrogen sources / nutrients / Yangtze delta

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Ecological conservation, remediation and construction for building an ecological civilization in China: concepts for ecological activity

Guofang SHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 376-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017186

摘要： This paper explains and discusses the concepts of ecological conservation and construction in China in three parts. The first part provides a brief description of the historical background of ecological activities in China and their major achievements in the past. The second part is a comprehensive review of various types of ecological control activity aimed at the improvement of natural and artificially established ecosystems at the landscape, regional (watershed) and higher levels. The scope of and differences between some ecological terms used in China such as ecological protection, conservation, remediation (rehabilitation), restoration as well as the reestablishment of new ecosystems are elaborated. The review suggests that the term “ecological conservation and construction” should be used to embrace all types of ecological control activity in China. Finally, five guidelines are proposed for promoting the implementation of ecological conservation and construction in China based on the two important governmental documents related to the development of ecological civilization in China.

关键词： ecological conservation development construction ” description important governmental

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太湖无锡水域生态清淤及淤泥处理技术探讨

王鸿涌

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 108-112

摘要：

在全面简述无锡湖泊治污、修复生态、维护湖泊健康生命实践的基础上，重点介绍了湖泊生态清淤和淤泥资源化利用的实践和思考。

关键词：太湖无锡水域清淤固化

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Research on port ecological suitability evaluation index system and evaluation model

Yaofeng XIE,Xia LV,Ru LIU,Liuyan MAO,Xiaoxi LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 65-70 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0258-6

摘要： Along with the rapid development of port building, the negative impacts of port’s construction and operation on the coastline ecosystem are also increasingly strong. Therefore, it’s urgent to establish a scientific and complete system of port ecological suitability evaluation. This paper pointed out the characteristics of port ecological effects and the principles of selecting evaluation index, and used the “pressure-state-response (PSR)” model to analysis the various pressures on the environment caused by port construction and operation, and the system’s response. On this basis, we constructed the port ecological suitability evaluation index. This model used the combination of qualitative and quantitative analytic hierarchy process, to meet the multi-level, multi-objective characteristics of evaluation index system. The evaluation index system and evaluation model can be used to analysis the ecological suitability of port projects comprehensively and have some guiding significance to the port ecological suitability evaluation.

关键词： port ecological suitability press-state-response (PSR) model evaluation index system

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HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH FOR SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION ON THE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 501-511 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021425

摘要：

The Loess Plateau is the core area in the Yellow River basin for implementing environmental protection and high-quality development strategies. A series of ecological projects has implemented aimed at soil and water conservation and ecological management on the Loess Plateau over the past 70 years. The effects of the ecological projects are apparent mainly through a marked increase in vegetation cover, controlled soil erosion and reduced flow of sediment into the Yellow River, continual optimization of the industrial structure and increased production from arable land, poverty alleviation and greater prosperity, and optimal allocation of space for biological organisms. Major problems have also been analyzed in ecological management including the fragile ecosystem of the region, maintaining the stability of vegetation, lower agricultural productivity and continued risk from natural disasters. Some suitable schemes and models have been developed for the coordinated development of the region through research and demonstration, striking the optimum balance between rural industry and ecology, and increased regional capacity to supply high-quality ecological products. Countermeasures to address the problems are suggested to guide ecological management and high-quality development in the future.

关键词： ecological management high quality development industrial structure soil erosion soil and water conservation Loess Plateau

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CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER: LONG-TERM TRENDS AND ECOLOGICAL

Yandan FU, Jiahui KANG, Ziyue LI, Xuejun LIU, Wen XU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 559-567 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020344

摘要： Intensifying human activity in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) has substantially increased nutrient concentrations in the Yangtze River Estuary, leading to degradation of the coastal environment. Analysis of nutrient determinations published over the past 50 years reveals a gradual decreasing trend in the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved silicate (DSi). However, both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) concentrations have increased significantly since the 1970s. The frequency and area covered by red tide outbreaks have increased greatly during this period, mainly due to changes in nutrient supply ratios [i.e., N/P (DIN/DIP), N/Si (DIN/DSi), P/Si (DIP/DSi)]. A strong correlation was found between the riverine DIN fluxes and the estimated DIN inputs from the major N sources, particularly fertilizers and atmospheric deposition. The data provide a comprehensive assessment of nutrients in the YRB and their ecological impacts and indicate a potentially significant influence of atmospheric deposition on DIN loadings and fluxes.

关键词： atmospheric deposition ecological impacts nitrogen sources nutrients Yangtze River Delta

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玻璃纤维复合材料新生态复合技术

回显权

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第4期页码 93-94

摘要：

现代结构材料正向复合化方向发展。复合材料发展的关键在于开创低成本、高可靠性的复合技术。将玻璃纤维复合材料由传统的后期复合改为新生态的早期复合，可降低复合成本和提高可靠性。

关键词：复合材料早期复合单纤维复合纤维力学效应界面效应树脂薄膜效应

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Relationship between the development of energy and mineral resources and ecological conservation redline

Dawei ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 557-563 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0077-5

摘要： From a philosophical point of view, this study discusses the dialectical relationship between the development of energy and mineral resources and the ecological conservation redline. We propose that the ecological conservation redline and the development of energy and mineral resources should be guided by ecological civilization construction, that is, the energy and mineral resources should be rationally developed under the condition that the ecological environment is protected. This study analyzes the influence of the development of energy and mineral resources on the ecological environment. The handling of mining rights within the ecological conservation redline based on the law and the reduction of the influence of the development of energy mineral resources on the ecological environment by science and technology are presented. The environmental assessment system and technical standards for energy and mineral development are suggested to implement policies and measures for the disposal of mining rights within the redline and facilitate technological innovations of ecological conservation for energy and mineral development. Hence, a coordinated development between the ecological conservation redline and the development of energy and mineral resources can be promoted.

关键词： ecological conservation redline development of energy and mineral resources coordinated development

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中国红树林湿地与生态工程的几个问题

林鹏

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第6期页码 33-38

摘要：

简述红树林湿地在滨海湿地中的地位，红树林的种类和分布，红树林类群的界定，湿地保护中的重要性，红树林的生态、社会和经济价值。着重讨论中国红树林生态工程中面临的四个问题：1.红树林生态恢复的关键是宜林地的选择标准；2.红树林区海堤修复工程的生态模式；3.防止引种时带进外来有害物种的生态入侵；4.要以最小的资源环境代价，谋求经济社会最大限度的发展，从而促进红树林湿地的保护与发展。

关键词：红树林湿地生态恢复生态入侵